Entities controlled or funded by the Russian state
Russian state-controlled media
connotes an outlet partially or wholly controlled by the Russian state, receives funding from the Russian state (not all funding equals state control, but the evidence shows it does in the case of Russia), or receives “taskings,” assignments, or orders from Russian intelligence (SVR, FSB, or GRU). The list below is not exhaustive but is sufficient as a reference for this report.
Russian state-funded entities
- RT and its many subsidiaries
- RT.com
- English
- French
- Arabic
- Spanish
- Russian
- German
- Redfish
- Maffick Media
- Ruptly
- Russia Beyond
- Regnum
- TV Zvezda
- Sputnik
- TASS
- TV Novosti
- Tsargrad TV
Entities controlled or used as a front by Russian intelligence
- Antifashist (FSB)
- Cyber Berkut (GRU)
- Fondsk.ru (FSB)
- InfoBrics (GRU)
- InfoRos (GRU)
- New Eastern Outlook (SVR)
- News Front (FSB)
- ObservateurContinental.fr (GRU)
- Odna Rodyna (SVR via Strategic Culture)
- Oriental Review (SVR)
- OneWorld (GRU)
- PolitNavigator (FSB)
- Rebel Inside (GRU)
- SouthFront (FSB)
- Strategic Culture Foundation (SVR)
- Veterans Today (FSB)